ELECTRO-SAPIENCE

Review: iWatch-Lite

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Fitbit is delighted of its new color smartwatch known as the Blaze. So, area unit you excited?
The Blaze itself may be a bounty of fitness apps in a very smartwatch type. Fitbit has dropped at bear all its expertise within the sector and inbuilt a protracted series of physical exercise apps, embrace Pure-Pulse rate observance (we continuously wish to see rate monitors, as a result of they're far and away the foremost useful gizmo once gauging a workout), on-screen physical exercise walk-throughs, GPS, activity and sleep planners, music management, and more.

The company could haven't had a choice: The convergence between smartwatches and fitness wearable is occurring at high speed before of our eyes. except for currently, the Blaze may be a combination of the 2, associate degree iWatch-Lite for fitness buffs that solely prices $199. Let’s see however long the niche lasts. For a lot of info, examine our electronic reviews for the highest competitors.

Like a a lot of ancient smartwatch, you'll additionally manage calls, texts, and calendar alerts. Everything is in bright color on associate degree digital display touchscreen. The watch band is additionally made up of plastic parts to resist the same old fitness wear and tear. once it involves software system, it uses proprietary UI content (no automaton Wear here), with the flexibility to channel varied common third-party apps like Fitstar, World Health Organization is liable for the on-screen workouts we have a tendency to mentioned higher than.The drawback, as you will have guessed, is that the look and overall get in the smartwatch market, rather than protrusive with a lot of dedicated fitness wearable technology. You can’t facilitate by create comparisons with the iWatch, that may be a immensely totally different product despite the superficial similarities – the Blaze simply can’t garner. As a result, upon saying the Blaze Fitbit saw its stock drop sharply by eighteen as investors tried to work out simply what Fitbit was thinking and World Health Organization the Blaze was presupposed to be for.

Safely Charge Any Equipment

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We are surrounded by various electronic equipments in this modern world as we need various technologies in our way of living and to keep connected to the world all the time. Yes, our life has become materialistic and we can't even imagine our life without smartphones, laptops, gadgets, digital cameras, and much more in daily basis.

Most of such equipments on which our life is dependent, rely on re-chargeable batteries. And we seem to find multiple cases in which batteries though claimed to have no overcharging problem, they tend to behave wrong if left on charge for long time or whole night. While we are in dilemma if we should let our precious equipment on long term charging state or not, we ultimately have no option when we are about to go to bed or go out and simultaneously require our equipments to be charged while we can't pay attention to it. And then we also want to feel assured that our equipment should not go wrong, nor should the battery explode due to overcharging while we are asleep. We also don't want to lose the battery performance of our equipment which could be caused by repeated cycles of charging when the charge tend to remain full.

So, is there a solution for this unavoidable problem? Certainly there is one. This DIY project titled "Safely Charge Any Equipment" , is the only effective solution to this problem.

Basic Equipments Required:

1. Atmel microcontroller AT89C51
2. Relay 12V or lower
3. Step-down transformer 220V to 12V
4. Two general Diodes
5. Voltage regulating ICs 12V and 5V
6. Two 7 segment display units

Working method of the system:

1. The system is connected to the AC supply and it has its own AC output in which output power is limited by Relay's capacity.
2. The system is configured to enter intervals for charging gap in minutes and charging period.
3. Then then a multi-plug can be connected to the output plug of the system. Multiple devices can be connected for safe-charging facility.
4. The equipment connected will begin to charge during charging period and then interval will be introduced and then a loop process of charging and interval periods continues keeping our devices safe as if being monitored.

If anyone's interested in this project and requires help, program code, simulation files, etc. feel free to mail me at furkan_n49@hotmail.com with the title as subject line.

DIY - INTERNET ROUTER POWER BACKUP with multiple options

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Here's a DIY descriptive tutorial to teach you how to get internet router power backup in various ways. As we may need a backup at our home of office for several reasons such as load-shedding, power failures, blackout, etc. and we may want to regain access to the internet service through internet router. This can only be possible with power backup options for which this tutorial is brought out to everyone interested. Moreover, the project is really cheap and possible to be accomplished with scratch components.

Lets begin with listing out the components required:

1. Internet router : Any router for which we design the project. Our system works at least for wireless functions of a router, while Ethernet may not work in some.The best is low powered about 2-3 watt for long time operation.

2. USB Power Bank/Backup : The power bank to power our internet router. The best one would be high powered i.e. 15000 mAh or more with current capacity 1A. And multiple USB out option would be suitable for simultaneous powering of router and mobile device.

3. USB cable : We require a USB cable for making a power cable matching the router's power input. Instead of buying some extra USB cable, we advice you to use some not in use USB mouse or other USB cables.

4. Cutter : A cutter or scissor can be used for cutting cables and stripping out conductive part of wire.

5. Multi-meter : We need a multi-meter for proper voltage polarity tests and conductivity tests while making the correctly working cable, but at unavoidable circumstances we may omit the device and follow hit and trial method until the router functions.

6. Lead acid battery : This is required for high power alternative only, to be connected with a low wattage inverter. Advisable requirement is 12V and 7.2 Ah or more

7. Low power inverter : A simple 300 watt or more for inverter is required for higher power optional requirement.

That's all for components' requirement. Now lets jump to the descriptive procedures of the project.

PART-1 : Internet Router powered by a USB Power-bank

-- The adapter’s output jack goes into the router’s DC input.

-- If you find a useless mouse or USB jack get one in use, or else buy one as you just need the USB connection's end.

-- Get a multi-meter to check adapter’s output voltage. And to detect positive among center and outer conductor.

-- Firstly, set your multi-meter for voltage test (those with no multi-meter connect randomly until your device works, and so you may skip few steps).

-- Connect adapter into power socket and test adapter's output at multi-meter’s tester leads.

-- Does your multimeter show positive reading??? If not, swap the tester leads’ positions.

-- Note down ‘positive’ (either center or outer) conductor. It is the one to which Red tester lead is connected.

-- If you’ve got an extra adapter then cut the output jack or else get one from any electronic shop nearby.

-- Plug in the USB cable to USB power bank and test the stripped wires for positive end just the same way as we did previously on adapter's output jack.

-- Mark the positive wire with anything possible.

-- Again use multimeter at continuity test mode. (refer to video)

-- Conduct a test to detect stripped wire's end connected to adapter’s output jack’s positive which is centered in our case. (refer to video)

-- Now join the positive ends from USB and adapter’s output jack together, remaining negative ends together and seal them to prevent short circuiting !!!

-- You may also buy the adapter’s jack and solder the USB cable wire for your permanent usage and cleaner appearance.

-- And you will see after having the power connection that the router would be functioning.

-- A low power router consuming 2-3 watt will keep on going for at least 10-11 hours with ordinary power bank of around 20000mAh fully charged.

-- Use multiple USB out power-bank to charger your mobile and power the router at the same time.

PART-2 : Internet Router powered by a LAPTOP

-- After making the cable as described in part-1, you can use it laptop.

-- Probably you’ve got a Laptop and the cable you already made, can be connected to the Laptop’s USB output plug too.

-- Now connect the other end to the router.

-- Great, router would be functioning with charm.

-- How long would it work??? It depends upon battery capacity of your laptop so give it a try. It work for 8 hours and more with my laptop fully allowed to power the router.

-- But if you keep using laptop, it would almost work until your laptop usually die out on battery or may reduce half an hour of your laptop's backup.

PART-3 : Internet Router powered by a low power inverter

-- Finally, if you need more power even to get your router, mobile and laptop charged or working for quite longer duration, here it goes.

-- We are using a 300 watt rated inverter to safely have the router, laptop, mobile charging, etc.powered by it and connecting the inverter to a sealed lead acid battery of 12V and 9.8 Ah capacity.

-- Connect a multi-plug with inverter and power other low power appliances such as mobile charger, laptop charger and router's adapter.

That's all in this project, so enjoy surfing internet with long time power backup that you made by yourself. :)

Battery Level Indicator using LM3914

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Almost all electronic devices are powered by battery that may vary in voltage but its common for all the batteries to hold certain charge level at any instance. So, in order to indicate battery level, we may display it on LEDs' bar or something similar using electronic solution. Without the knowledge of battery level for a battery being used on some appliance, we may get into trouble when battery go empty without prior indication and thus we may end up frustrated. That's why we need some kind of battery level indicator as our safety measure.

One method of doing this is by using LM3914 IC. This IC is often used to indicate different batteries' levels after calibration and also it can indicate low battery conditions. Here we are going to discuss about DIY indicator circuit.

Working Principle:

1. We connect 10 LEDs to the IC for indication,

2. LM3914 converts the voltage from battery to output signal. i.e. Higher the voltage,

higher the number of LEDs on

3. LM3914 operates with low power to high power that makes it

operable above 3V supply

4. LEDs' brightness can be adjusted by varying resistance between pins 6 and 7.

5. The IC's output can also be fed to TTL and CMOS input for further processing.

6. Using potentiometer forming a voltage divider network between on pin 3, calibration is done.

Component List:

1. 10K OHM Potentiometer for caliberation

2. LEDs for indication

3. LM3914 IC as signal convertor

4. Power supply for IC

5. Battery to be measured

If anyone's interested in this project and requires help, program code, simulation files, etc. feel free to mail me at furkan_n49@hotmail.com with the title as subject line.

TUTORIAL - 5 : DTMF Decoder

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The DTMF decoder circuit is the circuit that has been utilized as a part of the last circuit to discover the number according to the double recurrence signal sent from the phone trade. It comprises of a MT8870 IC which is a DTMF decoder, a 18-pin IC that changes over simple DTMF sign to 4-bit parallel yield. This IC changes over simple DTMF signal from the phone into the comparing 4-bit computerized information in its pin 11 (LSB), 12, 13 and 14 (MSB) respectively.[4] Along with this information, 13 another data StD is nourished to the interfere with pin of the microcontroller. Pin 11, 12, 13 and 14 are twofold coded bits and sent to ports of the microcontroller. At the point when the StD pin is high then just the microcontroller takes the information from the DTMF decoder.

So also, the DTMF decoder unit has been utilized in our last circuit to produce a relating DTMF mix to the client's number if any security slip (fire in the house or interruption) has happened in the house. This is a unit that changes over the twofold coded signals into simple DTMF signals. The UM91215A IC is a 16-pin chip that takes the twofold flags from the microcontroller and conveys DTMF tones comparing to the number to be dialed.

The seven yield bits from the microcontroller are given to seven pins numbered 10 to 16 of the DTMF generator IC. The IC then yields a DTMF tone which is the mix of the two frequencies (upper and lower band).

TUTORIAL - 4 : Crystal Oscillator

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An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that delivers an occasional, wavering electronic sign, frequently a sine wave or a square wave. Oscillators change over direct present (DC) from a force supply to a rotating current sign. They are broadly utilized as a part of numerous electronic gadgets. Normal illustrations of signs created by oscillators incorporate signs show by radio and TV transmitters, clock flags that manage PCs and quartz tickers, and the sounds delivered by electronic beepers and computer games. The heart of AT89S52 is the hardware that produces the clock beats by which all the inward operations are synchronized. Pins XTAL 1 and XTAL 2 are accommodate associating a resounding system to frame an oscillator. Normally, a quartz gem and capacitors are utilized. The producers make accessible AT89S52 outlines that can keep running at determined most extreme and least frequencies, normally 1 MHz to 16 MHz.

Least frequencies suggest that some inward recollections are rapid and most work above least recurrence or information will be lost. The clock recurrence, f sets up the littlest interim of time inside of the microcontroller, called the beats, P time. The machine cycle is itself comprised of 6 states. A state is the essential time interim for the discrete operations of the microcontroller, for example, bringing an epode byte, executing and epode, or composing an information byte 2 oscillators beats characterize every state. Program guidelines might require 1, 2 or 4 machine cycles to be executed, contingent on the sort of directions. Directions are brought and executed by the microcontroller naturally, starting with the guideline situated at the ROM memory address at the time microcontroller is first reset.

TUTORIAL - 3 : Voltage Regulator

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A voltage controller is intended to naturally keep up a consistent voltage level. A voltage controller might be a straightforward "food forward" configuration or might incorporate negative input control circles. It might utilize an electromechanical system, or electronic parts. Contingent upon the outline, it might be utilized to direct one or more AC or DC voltages.

Electronic voltage controllers are found in gadgets, for example, PC power supplies where they balance out the DC voltages utilized by the processor and different components. In car alternators and focal force station generator plants, voltage controllers control the yield of the plant. In an electric force appropriation framework, voltage controllers might be introduced at a substation or along conveyance lines so that all clients get relentless voltage autonomous of how much power is drawn from the line.

This 78xx arrangement of settled voltage solid coordinated circuit voltage controllers is intended for an extensive variety of utilizations. These applications incorporate on-card regulation for end of Noise and conveyance issues connected with single point regulation. The 7805 is most basic and surely understood of the 78xx arrangement controllers, as its little segment check and medium-power directed 5V make it helpful for driving TTL.

TUTORIAL - 2 : GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)

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GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, initially Groupe Spécial Mobile), is a standard created by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to depict conventions for second era (2G) computerized cell systems utilized by cellular telephones. It is the true worldwide standard for portable correspondences with more than 90% piece of the overall industry, and is accessible in more than 219 nations and regions.

The GSM standard was produced as a swap for original (1G) simple cell systems, and initially depicted an advanced, circuit-exchanged system enhanced for full duplex voice telephony. This was extended after some time to incorporate information interchanges, first by circuit-exchanged transport, then parcel information transport by means of GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) and EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution or EGPRS). Along these lines, the 3GPP grew third era (3G) UMTS benchmarks took after by fourth era (4G) LTE Advanced principles, which are not part of the ETSI GSM standard. "GSM" is a trademark possessed by the GSM Association. It might likewise allude to the at first most basic voice codec utilized, Full Rate.

We utilized GSM SIM900A module as a part of our framework. SIM900A is a Dual-band GSM/GPRS motor that chips away at frequencies EGSM 900 MHz and DCS 1800 MHz. SIM900A gives GPRS multi-space class 10/class 8 (discretionary) capacity and backing the GPRS coding plans CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4. With a minor design of 24mm x 24mm x 3 mm, SIM900A can fit all the space prerequisite in your application, for example, M2M, Smart telephone, PDA telephone and other cell phone. The physical interface to the portable application is made through a 68 pins modules and client's board.

The keypad and SPI interface will give you the adaptability to create redid applications. One serial port can help you effectively build up your applications. One sound channel incorporates one receiver info and speaker yield. This is outlined with a capable single-chip processor incorporating AMR926EJ-S center, permitting you to profit by little measurements and financially savvy arrangements.

TUTORIAL - 1 : GPS (Global Positioning System)

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that gives location and time info all told weather, anyplace on or close to the world wherever there's Associate in Nursing unclogged line of sight to four or additional GPS satellites. The system provides essential capabilities to military, civil and business users round the world. it's maintained by the us government and is freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.

The GPS undertaking was produced in 1973 to conquer the restrictions of past route frameworks, coordinating thoughts from a few ancestors, including various arranged building plan ponders from the 1960s. GPS was made and acknowledged by the U.S. Branch of Defense (DoD) and was initially keep running with 24 satellites. It turned out to be completely operational in 1995. Bradford Parkinson, Roger L. Easton, and Ivan A. Getting are credited with creating it.

Progresses in innovation and new requests on the current framework have now prompted endeavors to modernize the GPS framework and execute the up and coming era of GPS III satellites and Next Generation Operational Control System (OCX). Declarations from Vice President Al Gore and the White House in 1998 started these progressions. In 2000, the U.S. Congress approved the modernization exertion, GPS III.

Notwithstanding GPS, different frameworks are being used or a work in progress. The Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) was produced contemporaneously with GPS, however experienced deficient scope of the globe until the mid-2000s.[There are additionally the arranged European Union Galileo situating framework, India's Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System, and the Chinese Beidou Navigation Satellite System.

Devices Controlled By MCU Based Touch Panel

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The Touch Screen is the cutting edge innovation to give the information to the framework and to create the proficient yield of the system.Further,it has been the best pattern and are utilized as a part of a large portion of the advanced applications, for example, Touch Screen phones.

This innovation is far vastly improved than the keypad innovation because of the quick access of the information and there is no mechanical drain in the this innovation. The keypad innovation has a greater number of difficulties in getting to the information than in the touch screen innovation. The touch screen innovation is broadly utilized now a days because of compelling and effortlessness of this innovation.

The touch screen innovation is exceedingly sturdy than the keypad innovation as there is no possibility of mechanical drain in the framework. So,the Touch Screen innovation has been exceptionally mainstream now a days for the effortlessness to control the applications.

BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR THE PROJECT

The touch screen innovation is the present day pattern in which the applications are controlled by the impression of the touch of the fingertips. Our venture includes the interfacing between touch screen and microcontroller for which two Integrated Circuits(ICs) are used:CD 4053 IC is a triple Single Pole Double Throw(SPDT) switch which switches the middle of the road yield from touch board to accomplish the X and Y organizes independently in rapid exchanging mode .8-bit Analog to Digital Converter(ADC 0803) IC is utilized to change over the simple signs which is produced from the resistive voltage drop from the touch board in type of X and Y arranges and the computerized yield is bolstered into the microcontroller.Microcontoller is utilized to interface the distinctive info and yield signals created by the touch board and ICs.

Fluid Crystal Display(LCD) is utilized to show the data's about the on and off conditions of various apparatuses. Essentially ULN is the transfer driver IC and the moderate exchanging is finished by the hand-off.

If anyone's interested in this project and requires help, program code, simulation files, etc. feel free to mail me at furkan_n49@hotmail.com with the title as subject line.

Review: iWatch-Lite

Review: iWatch-Lite

Safely Charge Any Equipment

Safely Charge Any Equipment

DIY - INTERNET ROUTER POWER BACKUP with multiple options

DIY - INTERNET ROUTER POWER BACKUP with multiple options

Battery Level Indicator using LM3914

Battery Level Indicator using LM3914

TUTORIAL - 5 : DTMF Decoder

TUTORIAL - 5 : DTMF Decoder

TUTORIAL - 4 : Crystal Oscillator

TUTORIAL - 4 : Crystal Oscillator

TUTORIAL - 3 : Voltage Regulator

TUTORIAL - 3 : Voltage Regulator

TUTORIAL - 2 : GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)

TUTORIAL - 2 : GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)

TUTORIAL - 1 : GPS (Global Positioning System)

TUTORIAL - 1 : GPS (Global Positioning System)

Devices Controlled By MCU Based Touch Panel

Devices Controlled By MCU Based Touch Panel

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